Many teens, especially girls, are at risk for a form of self-mutilation known as cutting.
How Widespread is Self-Mutilation?
“Self-mutilation affects nearly one percent of people in the US. Teenagers are particularly susceptible to self-mutilation, with girls being four times more likely to self harm than boys. Over ten percent of teenagers are thought to have at least experimented with self-mutilation.” (morefocus, “Teenagers and Self Mutilation: The Facts”, 2007.)
Some examples of self-mutilation (also sometimes called self-harm) are burning, branding, head banging, biting, skin picking, hair pulling, and most commonly, cutting.
Who is at High Risk for Cutting?
Cutting, like other forms of self-mutilation, serves as a maladaptive coping mechanism for teens who are experiencing psychological pain. Without more positive ways of managing their problems, they resort to cutting to establish a sense of control and make themselves feel better. These teens are often anxious and have low self-esteem. They are often impulsive, which can make it difficult for them to resist the urge to cut. There is also a strong correlation between cutting and eating disorders, sexual abuse, and other mental health problems.
Why Do Kids Cut?
Many teens who cut also report a sense of feeling invisible; the cutting and resulting blood flow provide physical “proof” of both their pain and their existence. Teens may report a sense of “relief” or a “high” after they have cut. This may be due to an endorphin release that occurs afterwards. Cutting often starts on an impulse or when a teen has knowledge that another teen has used cutting as a way to respond to problems. Unfortunately, cutting can quickly evolve into a compulsive behavior, with the urge to cut growing stronger and stronger.
Warning Signs for Cutting
You may notice cuts that don’t seem to heal or recurring cuts in similar locations. Teens who cut may also habitually wear long sleeves and pants, even in cool weather, to hide cuts and scars. They may also refuse to change their clothes in public places, like locker rooms. You may also find knives, razors, or other cutting instruments in odd locations or in the teen’s possession. As cutting is an activity usually performed in private, teens may also spend large amounts of time alone in a bathroom or bedroom.
What Can You Do?
If you suspect a child may be cutting, they should be assessed by a mental health provider as soon as possible. Often, these teens can benefit from therapy to help them learn more effective coping skills. Giving them the opportunity to express their feelings openly to a caring adult can also help them feel heard and understood. Most importantly, do not show disgust at the cutting behavior. This will just make the teen feel more alone. Make sure you show unconditional support, and a desire to help the teen learn more effective ways of managing stress.
You may also be interested in Teen Suicide Warning Signs or Understanding Teen Depression.
